How you can prepare
Some of the things you can do to prepare for the unexpected,
such as making an emergency supply kit and developing a family emergency
plan, are the same for both a natural or man-made emergency. However, there
are important differences among potential emergencies that will affect the
decisions you make and the actions you take. Learn more about the potential
emergencies that could happen where you live and the appropriate way to
respond to them.
In addition, learn about the emergency plans that have been established
in your area by the Local Resilience Forum. We must be prepared for man-made
disasters as well as natural ones. Knowing what to do during an emergency
is an important part of being prepared and may make all the difference when
seconds count.
What to do when an emergency happens
Staying Put
Learn how and when to turn off utilities
Create an evacuation plan
Get ready – get a kit
Family Emergency Plan
What to do when an emergency happens
In a major emergency, if you are not involved in the
incident, but are close by or believe you may be in danger, the best advice
is to go inside a safe building, stay inside until you are advised to do
otherwise, and tune in to local radio or TV for information.
- Make sure 999 has been called if people are injured or if there is a threat to life
- Do not put yourself or others in danger
- Follow the advice of the emergency services
- Try to remain calm and think before acting, and try to reassure others
- Check for injuries - remember to help yourself
before attempting to help others.
If you are not involved in the incident, but are close by or believe you
may be in danger, in most cases the advice is:
- Go inside a safe building
- Stay inside until you are advised to do otherwise
- Tune in to local radio or TV for more information.
Of course, there are always going to be particular occasions when you
should not 'go in' to a building, for example if there is a
fire. Otherwise GO IN, STAY IN, TUNE IN.
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Staying put
Whether you are at home, work or elsewhere, there may be situations when
it's simply best to stay where you are and avoid any uncertainty outside.
- Bring your family and pets inside
- Lock doors, close windows,
air vents and fireplace dampers
- Turn off fans, air conditioning
and forced air heating systems
- Take your emergency supply
kit unless you have reason to believe it has
been contaminated
- Go into an interior room with
few windows, if possible
- Emergency responders may not immediately be able to provide information
on what is happening and what you should do. However, you should watch
TV, listen to the radio or check the Internet often for official news and instructions as they become available.
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Learn how and when to turn off utilities:
- Locate the electric, gas and water shut-off valves
- Keep necessary tools near gas and water
shut-off valves
- Teach family members how to turn off utilities
- If you turn the gas off, a professional
must turn it back on. Do
not attempt to do this yourself. Phone Corgi on 0870 401 2300 and
for the Electrical Contractors Association 020 7313 4800.
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Create an evacuation plan:
- Plan places where your family will meet,
both within and outside of your immediate neighbourhood
- If you have a car, keep a half
tank of fuel in it at all times in
case you need to evacuate
- Become familiar with alternative routes
and other means of getting out of your area
- If you do not have a car,
plan how you will leave if you have to
- Take your emergency supply kit unless
you have reason to believe it has been contaminated
- Lock the door behind you
- Take your pets with you, but understand that only guide or hearing
dogs may be permitted in public shelters. Plan how you will care for
your pets in an emergency.
Schools and day-care
If you are a parent, or guardian of an elderly or disabled adult,
make sure schools and daycare providers have emergency response
plans.
- Ask how they will communicate
with families during a crisis
- Ask if they store adequate food,
water and other basic supplies
- Find out if they are prepared to 'stay
put' if need be,
and where they plan to go if they must get away.
Neighbourhoods and apartment/highrise
buildings
A community working together during an emergency makes sense.
- Talk to your neighbours about how you can work together
during an emergency
- Find out if anyone has specialised equipment like
a power generator, or expertise such as medical knowledge, that might help
in a crisis
- Decide who will check on elderly or disabled
neighbours
- Make back-up plans for children in
case you can't get home in an emergency
- Sharing plans and communicating
in advance is a good strategy.
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Get ready – get a kit
When preparing for a possible emergency situation,
it's best to think first about the basics of survival: fresh
water, food, clean air and warmth.
Recommended items to include in a basic emergency supply kit:
- Water: 7 pints (4 litres) of water per person per
day for at least three days, for drinking and sanitation
- Food: at least three days'
supply of non-perishable
food
- Battery-powered radio and extra batteries or wind-up radio
- Torch and extra batteries
- First aid kit:
- Whistle to signal for help
- Dust mask: to help to filter
contaminated air
- Wet wipes, rubbish/bin bags and plastic ties for personal hygiene
- Wrench or pliers to turn off utilities
- Tin opener for food (if kit contains tinned
food).
Additional items to consider adding to an emergency supply kit:
- Prescription medications and glasses
- Infant formula and disposable nappies and nappy
sacks
- Plan how you will care for your pets in an emergency
- Important family documents such as copies of
insurance policies, passports, National Insurance numbers, NHS numbers and
bank account records in a waterproof, portable container
- Cash or traveller's cheques and change
- Emergency reference material such as a first
aid manual
- Sleeping bag or warm blanket for each person;
consider additional bedding during winter
- Complete change of clothing including a long-sleeved
top, trousers and sturdy shoes; consider additional clothing during winter
- Water purification tablets
- Fire extinguisher
- Matches in a waterproof container
- Feminine supplies and personal hygiene items
- Paper cups, plates and plastic utensils, paper
towels
- Paper and pencil
- Books, games, puzzles or other activities for
children.
Remember the unique needs of your family members when making your emergency
supply kit and family emergency plan.
Make
a kit for your pets
Your pet emergency kit should include:
- Pet food and treats
- Drinkable water in plastic bottles
- Can opener for canned food
- Pet medications and medical records in a waterproof
container
- Sturdy leashes, harnesses and/or carriers so
you can move your pets safely and they can’t escape (remember they
may be scared and may act differently from usual)
- Current photos of your pet in case they get lost
- The name of your veterinarian
- Pet beds and toys, if there is room.
All your pets should have an identification tag and collar, too.
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Family
emergency plan
- It may be easier to make a long-distance phone call than a local call,
so an out-of-town contact may be in a better position
to communicate among separated family members.
- Be sure every member of your family knows
the phone number and has coins or a prepaid
phone card to call the emergency contact.
- You may have trouble getting through,
or the telephone system may be down altogether, but be patient.
Try sending a text message from a mobile phone.
Download and complete the Family
Emergency plan.
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For more information on preparing for emergencies visit www.pfe.gov.uk.